Unit12 Mainly revision

發布時間:2016-9-9 編輯:互聯網 手機版

  單元目標

  1.通過學習本單元內容,使學生了解動物冬眠的知識,并培養學生熱愛動物,保護動物的意識.

  2.掌握派生構詞的主要形式

  派生是指一個詞加上前綴(prefix)或后綴(suffix)變成一個新詞.加后綴一般改變詞性,派生詞的詞義與原詞有聯系.

  ①由動詞派生成名詞的主要形式

  read讀-reader讀者

  visit拜訪-visitor拜訪者

  direct指導-director導演

  beg乞討-beggar乞丐

  train訓練-trainer教練

  wait等待-waiter/waitress侍者

  act表演-actor/actress演員

  express表達-expression表達,詞句

  decide決定-decision決定

  permit允許-permission允許

  achieve獲得-achievement成就

  govern管理-government政府

  advertise登廣告-advertisement廣告

  agree同意-agreement同意

  announce宣告-announcement宣告

  liberate解放-liberation解放

  educate教育-education教育

  invent發明-invention發明

  invite邀請-invitation請柬

  satisfy滿意-satisfaction滿意

  inform通知-information信息

  describe描寫-description描述

  build建造-building建筑物

  hear聽-hearing聽力

  cross越過-crossing十字路口

  ②由名詞派生成形容詞的主要形式

  use用處-useful有用的

  health健康-healthy健康的

  wonder奇跡-wonderful精彩的

  care小心-careful小心

  help幫助-helpful有幫助的

  home家-homeless無家可歸的

  care小心-careless粗心的

  soul靈魂-soulless無靈魂的

  science科學-scientific科學的

  revolution革命-revolutionary革命的

  sun太陽-sunny陽光充足的

  anger憤怒-angry憤怒的

  cloud云-cloudy多云的

  danger危險-dangerous危險的

  fame名聲-famous著名的

  nerve神經-nervous神經緊張的

  nation國家-national國家的

  friend朋友-friendly友好的

  表解重點

  掌握復合形容詞的構成和運用

①形容詞(數詞)+名詞+ed

a kindhearted man一個好心人

warm blooded animals溫血動物

a three legged table 三條腿的桌子

one eyed man獨眼人

②形容詞(副詞,名詞)+現在分詞

hardworking Chinese people

勤勞的中國人民

peace loving countries

愛好和平的國家

③名詞(副詞)+過去分詞

the snow covered ground

白雪覆蓋的地面

the ndly built factory

新建的工廠

④名詞(形容詞)+形容詞

world famous cities

世界聞名的城市

the dark blue skirt

深藍的裙子

⑤數詞+名詞

a ten year plan

十年計劃

a five meter long rope

五米長的繩子

  討論難點

  單詞辨析

  1.deep與deeply

  ①deep可做形容詞,又可做副詞,表示“深的”.例如:The hole is very deep.(deep是形容詞)這個洞很深.They dug deep into the hole.(deep是副詞)他們深挖到洞里.

  ②deep加后綴ly也可構成副詞deeply,使用時一般具有抽象意義,譯為

  “深深地,深厚地,深切地”.例如:

  I’m deeply moved by what he said.我被他所說的話深深地感動了.

  2.fairly與rather

  這兩個詞均為程度副詞,譯為“相當”,它們的主要區別如下:

  ①語序的區別.試比較下面兩個句子:

  This is a fairly/rather interesting book.

  This is rather a boring book.

  ②語義的差異:rather經常帶有“過分”的含義(=too much),通常表示貶義.而fairly則無此意,通常表示褒義.試比較:

  It’s fairly cool today.今天挺涼爽的.

  It’s rather hot here. 這里有點太熱了.

  ③結構上的區別:rather可以與比較級連用,可以說rather hotter,但是不能說fairly hotter.

  rather后面可加too,而fairly后面則不能.例如:

  This book is rather too difficult for me.這本書對我來說太難.

核心知識

  1.口語交際:學會給別人提建議的常用表達方式

  You’d better....

  You should/ought to....

  I suggest that....

  What/How about...?

  Why not...?

  Why don’t you...?

  Let’s....

  例如:

  ①You’d better ask your teacher for some advice.

  你最好征求-些老師的建議.

  ②-I usually go to work by train.我通常乘火車去上班.

  -Why not try going by bus for a change?為什么不試著改變-下乘汽車去?

  2.詞組及句型學習

  ①What do you suggest I see?你建議我到那些地方去觀光呢?

  句中的I see是賓語從句(that I should see)的省略.

  當suggest解釋為“建議”時,可用于向對方提建議或勸告.后面可直接跟動名詞或名詞/代詞作賓語,也可跟從句,從句中的謂語動詞多用“should+動詞原形”,should可省略.例如:

  We suggest going there by plane.我們建議乘飛機去那里.

  The teacher suggested some books for me to read.老師向我建議讀幾本書.

  I suggest that he should go to see a doctor.我建議他去看醫生.

  He suggests that the meeting should be held this week.他建議會議這星期開.

  ②Do what you feel like!

  feel like doing sth.譯為“想要做某事,喜歡做某事”.例如:

  Do you feel like a walk with me?你喜歡和我一起去散步嗎?

  I don’t feel like watching TV all day long.不喜歡整天看電視.

  ③I’d come too if I had time to spare.要是我有空余的時間我也要去.

  此句是虛擬語氣,if引導的從句表示與現在事實相反的條件,實際情況是我沒有空余的時間.在這種對現在或將來的情況進行虛擬的非真實條件句中,if從句中的謂語動詞用過去式(如果是be動詞,則不論人稱,一般用were);主句中的謂語動詞用(would/could/might+動詞原形).例如:

  If I were you.I would apologize to the teacher.

  如果我是你的話,我會向老師道歉.

  If I had lots of money,I would support all the poor village children to

  school.But I’m only a student now.

  如果我有很多的錢,我會支持所有的農村孩子去上學.可是我現在還是一個學生.

  ④A good many animals sleep under the snow.很多動物睡在雪下.

  a good/great many譯為“很多”,后接復數可數名詞.例如:

  A good many friends took part in my birthday party.

  很多朋友參加了我的生日晚會.

  表示“許多”或“大量”這一意思的詞組有:

  a large/great number of+可數名詞(復數謂語動詞形式)

  a large quantity of

  a lot of/lots of+可數或不可數名詞

  plenty of(復數或單數謂語動詞形式)

  a large quantity of/large quantities of

  a great deal of+不可數名詞(復數謂語動詞形式)

  a large/great amount of

  注意:a large quantity of后面的動詞謂語單復數視其所修飾的名詞單復數而定,而large quantities of不管后接可數還是不可數名詞均常用復數.例如:

  A large quantity of medicine has been sent to this area.

  A large quantity of books are needed in the country.

  Large quantities of food have been supplied by this factory.

  Large quantities of tigers were killed in the past.

  ⑤ There is a lot of air in loose snow,and this helps to keep the cold out.

  松散的雪里有大量的空氣,這有助于御寒.

  keep sb./sth.out (of...)譯為“不使入內,(使)......在外”例如:

  Please close the window to keep the cold out.請關上窗以防寒冷.

  Danger! Keep out!危險!切勿入內!

  ⑥Some warm blooded animals,like the cat,the dog or the wolf,do not need to hibernate;they lead an active life which keeps up their normal body temperature even in very cold winter weather.

  有些溫血動物,如貓、狗和狼,不需要冬眠.它們過著很活躍的生活,這使它們即使在嚴寒的冬天也能保持正常的體溫.

  A.這是一個并列復合句.分號前是一個簡單句,其中“like...the wolf”是介詞短語,做非限制性定語.分號后是一個復合句,主句是they lead an active life,后面跟一個由which引導的定語從句.

B.句中the cat,the dog,the wolf不是特指某一只貓、狗、狼,而是指貓、狗、狼的整個類屬,定冠詞在此處表示類別.

  The tiger and the lion belong to the cat family.老虎和獅子屬于貓科.

  不定冠詞+單數可數名詞和不帶冠詞的復數可數名詞都可以表示事物的類別.

  The horse is a useful animal.

  A horse is a useful animal.

  Horses are useful animals. 馬是有用的動物.

  C.keep up譯為“保持(某種高度,不下降),維持,繼續”.例如:

  When people move to another country,they often try to keep up the customs of their native land.當人們移居別國時,總是盡力保持他們原有的風俗習慣.

  Well done.Keep it up!做得好!堅持下去!

  ⑦Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.

  于是它別無選擇,只好躺下睡覺.but在此句中是介詞,在一般情況下,介詞后面不能接不定式作賓語,但介詞except和but后面可以接不定式.意思是“除了……以外”(=except),往往用于有否定含義的句中(no/not...but...除……之外,別無).而且應注意當句中謂語動詞是do時,則后面的不定式符號常被省略.例如:

  There is no one in the classroom but me.教室里除了我以外沒有別人.

  The last bus had gone.We could do nothing but walk home.

  末班車開走了,我們只好走路回家.

  He has no desire but to pass the exam.他沒有別的愿望,只想考試及格.

  ⑧Hibernation is more than sleeping.冬眠不是尋常意義上的睡眠.

  此句中的more than相當于not only,又如:

  He is more than my teacher.He is also my friends.

  他不僅僅是我的老師,也是我的朋友.

  ⑨...,and the animal may breathe once every five minutes.

  冬眠的動物可能每五分鐘呼吸一次.

  every與數詞連用,表示時間的間隔.

  Take this medicine once every three hours.這藥每三小時服用一次.

  Please copy the article every other line.請隔行抄寫這篇文章.

  ⑩You can touch it,or even pull its tail without causing it to move or wakeup.你可以摸它,甚至拉它的尾巴,也不會使它動一動或醒來.

  “cause sb./sth.to do sth.”使某人或某物做某事例如:

  The north wind caused the temperature to drop.北風使溫度下降了.

  (11)The answer lies in two facts.可以從兩個方面的事實中得到答案.lie in在這里譯為“在于,全在”.

  Successes lie in hard work.成功在于努力工作.

  (12)The second is connected with the main use of food to supply the energy for movement.

  第二是與食物對身體的主要用途,即食物供給身體活動所需要的能量有關.

  A.be connected with“與有關”.例如:

  The discussion will be connected closely with our work.

  討論將和我們的工作密切相關.

  B.make use of譯為“利用”.名詞use前可使用一些修飾形容詞.例如:

  make full use of充分利用

  make main use of主要利用

  make better use of更好地利用

  make proper use of正確利用例如:

  We should make full use of our natural resources.

  我們必須充分利用我們的自然資源.

典型例題

  NMET 2000 32

  The WTO can’ t live up to its name ________ it doesn’t include a country that is home to one-fifth of mankind.

  正確答案是C.要解答這道題,必須知道if和as long as在意思上的細微差別.as long as在使用上比較主觀,感情比較強烈的語域,并通常解釋為“以……為前提,只要(on condintion that)”而if使用在比較客觀平穩的語域,通常解釋為“假使,如果(supposing that)”.本是個客觀的評述,所以選擇A.

  NMET 1995

  -How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

-It was great.We visited some friends,and spent the________ days at the seaside.

  A.few last sunny B.last few sunny

  C.last sunny few D.few sunny last

  正確答案:B

  解析:兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞時,形容詞的排列順序如下表所示:

指代性質的形容詞

數量性質的形容詞

形狀性質的形容詞

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

放在冠詞前的形容詞

冠詞

指示形容詞所有形容詞

不定形容詞

序數

基數

性質狀態形容詞

大小長短形狀

新舊溫度

顏色

國籍

材料

名詞動名詞

all both such what

the,a(n),you-

r,this that,those another

first

last

one

two

kind

good

large

long

old

new

red

green

China

iron

silk

boy

【關于“Unit12 Mainly revision”的常見問題】

常見問題1: 高三英語 Unit 12 Mainly revision

問題:

  He is never late __________ work and his boss is always pleased with him.

  His mother was never late___________ dinner and he can have dinner on time every day.

解答:

  for;with

常見問題2: 高三英語 Unit 12 Mainly revision

問題:

  The dog was so lovely that the boy threw a piece of meat ______ it.

  The dog was so frightening that the boy threw a big stone _________ it.

解答:

  to;at

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